Wheat map: ports and hubs
GrainsMap lists 239 ports and hubs that handle wheat, in 79 countries across Europe, the Black Sea, South America, North America, the Middle East and Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Grades covered: Milling Wheat (Standard), High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum), and Feed Wheat.
ExportImportCrushing / transitInland river
Open the interactive mapPrices, price history and the 5- and 10-year seasonal comparison are on the interactive map, with the source and date of every figure. The map, routes, hub descriptions, grain catalogue and freight and storage calculators are free.
By region
- Europe (70)
- The Black Sea (32)
- South America (23)
- North America (50)
- The Middle East and Africa (23)
- Asia (24)
- Oceania (17)
Grades
- Milling Wheat (Standard) (11.5% - 12.0%) - Standard European bread-making wheat. High hectolitre weight (>76 kg/hl), Hagberg falling number >220s.
- High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat) (14.0% - 15.0%) - High-protein bread wheat at 14-15%, the improver grade blended into weaker domestic wheat to lift dough strength. Priced as a premium over standard milling wheat rather than as an independent market, so it tracks the milling wheat anchor.
- Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) (13.0% - 15.0%) - Vitreous hard amber wheat exclusively used for semolina pasta production. Concentrated in Mediterranean basins.
- Feed Wheat (10.0% - 11.0%) - Lower-protein wheat dedicated to poultry, swine, and ruminant compound feed rations.
Ports and hubs (239)
| Hub | Country | Type | Grades handled |
|---|---|---|---|
| Port of Algiers Algiers Algeria is among the largest wheat importers in Africa, buying chiefly through its state grain agency; Algiers is one of its main ports. | Algeria | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Port of Oran Oran Western Algerian port and a major entry point for the country's wheat imports. | Algeria | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Bahia Blanca (Ingeniero White) Bahia Blanca Argentina's main deep-water grain port, at Ingeniero White, shipping wheat, barley and corn from the southern Pampas. | Argentina | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Gran Rosario (Up-River) Rosario Gran Rosario on the Parana River: the largest oilseed-crushing complex in the world and the loading point for most of Argentina's grain and soymeal exports. Prices here are Argentina's official FOB reference prices, which the government sets daily for export duties - a national figure, not a Rosario spot price. The open-data series used here ends in January 2025. | Argentina | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Necochea-Quequen Quequen Deep-water port at Necochea-Quequen, exporting wheat and barley from south-eastern Buenos Aires province. | Argentina | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Pergamino (Buenos Aires core zone) Pergamino In the heart of Argentina's zona nucleo, the most productive maize and soybean land in the country, around 100 km from the Gran Rosario crushing and export terminals. | Argentina | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Rio Cuarto (Cordoba) Rio Cuarto Centre of southern Cordoba, Argentina's leading maize province. Grain goes by road and rail to the Gran Rosario terminals. | Argentina | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Dalby (Darling Downs, Queensland) Dalby On the Western Downs, Queensland's main grain region for wheat, barley and summer crops. GrainCorp storage with rail to the Port of Brisbane. | Australia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Horsham (Wimmera, Victoria) Horsham Centre of the Wimmera, Victoria's main grain and pulse district. Wheat, barley and canola move by rail to Geelong, Portland and Melbourne. | Australia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Kwinana Grain Terminal Kwinana Australia's largest grain export terminal, south of Perth, shipping Western Australian wheat, barley and canola to Asia and the Middle East. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Merredin (WA Wheatbelt) Merredin CBH Group's largest inland receival point in Western Australia, in the central Wheatbelt. Grain moves by rail to the Kwinana export terminal. | Australia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Moree (Northern NSW) Moree Centre of the northern NSW grain belt, known for prime hard wheat and durum. GrainCorp receival and storage site with rail to the east-coast ports. | Australia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Port Adelaide (Outer Harbor) Adelaide South Australia's principal grain export port, at Outer Harbor. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port Kembla Wollongong New South Wales grain export terminal south of Sydney. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port Lincoln Port Lincoln Grain export port for the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Albany Albany Western Australian grain port serving the southern wheatbelt. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Brisbane Brisbane Queensland's principal grain export port. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Esperance Esperance Western Australian grain port serving the south-eastern wheatbelt. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Geelong Geelong Victorian grain export port on Corio Bay. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Geraldton Geraldton Western Australian grain port serving the northern wheatbelt. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Newcastle (NSW) Newcastle New South Wales grain export port serving the northern cropping regions. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Port of Portland (Victoria) Portland Deep-water port in south-west Victoria, exporting grain from the western Victorian cropping districts. | Australia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Wagga Wagga (Riverina) Wagga Wagga Regional centre of the Riverina, one of the main wheat, barley and canola districts of New South Wales, with GrainCorp storage and rail to Port Kembla. | Australia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Chattogram Chattogram Bangladesh's main seaport and the entry point for most of its imported wheat. | Bangladesh | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Antwerp (ABT) Antwerp Major European transshipment and fertilizer node. Connects French wheat and Benelux malting barley with deep-sea and Rhine trade lanes. | Belgium | Seaport Crushing / transshipment | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Ghent (North Sea Port) Ghent Biofuel and compound feed powerhouse. Euro-Silo’s Grootdok and Sifferdok complexes hold around 650,000 MT, among the largest in Europe. | Belgium | Seaport Crushing / transshipment | Feed Wheat |
| Port of Liege (Meuse) Liege Belgium’s inland port on the Meuse, the largest river port in the country after Paris in the wider region. Barges connect Antwerp to the Walloon mills. | Belgium | River port Inland river | Feed Wheat, Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Cascavel (Parana) Cascavel Western Parana origination in Brazil’s most intensive maize and poultry region, feeding both the local compounders and the Paranagua corridor. | Brazil | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Passo Fundo (Rio Grande do Sul) Passo Fundo The heart of Brazil’s wheat belt on the Rio Grande do Sul plateau, and the main domestic origination for a country that otherwise imports most of its milling wheat from Argentina. | Brazil | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Paranagua Paranagua Brazil’s second grain port and the export corridor for Parana and western Santa Catarina. Its dedicated grain berths run one of the highest loading cadences in the country. | Brazil | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Rio Grande Rio Grande The southern grain gateway on the Lagoa dos Patos, serving Rio Grande do Sul. Handles soybeans and meal outbound, and is the natural outlet for the state’s rice and wheat belts. | Brazil | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Salvador / Aratu (Bahia) Salvador Grain terminals on the Bay of All Saints. Soybeans from western Bahia are shipped here, and wheat is received for the flour mills of the north-east. | Brazil | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Vitoria / Tubarao (Espirito Santo) Vitoria Port complex of Vitoria and Tubarao, linked by rail to Minas Gerais and Goias. It exports soybeans and maize and receives fertiliser and imported wheat. | Brazil | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Burgas Burgas Bulgaria's southern Black Sea port. Prices here are European Commission farm-gate quotations for the Burgas district; the Commission's Burgas FOB series ended in 2022. | Bulgaria | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Ruse (Danube) Ruse Bulgaria's main Danube river port, loading barges down to the Black Sea and up the Rhine-Main-Danube corridor. Prices are European Commission farm-gate quotations for the Ruse district. | Bulgaria | River port Inland river | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Varna Varna Bulgaria's principal Black Sea grain port. Prices here are European Commission farm-gate quotations for the Varna district: the Commission discontinued its Varna FOB series in 2023, and a three-year-old port price is not shown as current. | Bulgaria | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Alberta (Calgary) Calgary Western prairie province, strong in barley and canola and closest to the Pacific ports. Prices here are Statistics Canada provincial farm-gate averages, not quotations at Calgary. | Canada | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Manitoba (Winnipeg) Winnipeg Eastern prairie province and historic centre of the Canadian grain trade. Prices here are Statistics Canada provincial farm-gate averages, not quotations at Winnipeg. | Canada | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Montreal Montreal St. Lawrence export port for eastern Canadian grain and for prairie grain transshipped from Great Lakes lakers into ocean vessels. | Canada | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Prince Rupert Prince Rupert Northern British Columbia export terminal, on a shorter sailing to Asia than Vancouver. | Canada | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Saskatchewan (Regina) Regina Canada's largest wheat, durum and canola producing province. Prices here are Statistics Canada provincial farm-gate averages, not quotations at Regina. | Canada | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Canada's Great Lakes grain port at the head of Lake Superior, shipping prairie wheat, durum and canola east through the St. Lawrence Seaway. | Canada | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Vancouver Vancouver Canada's largest grain export port and the Pacific gateway for prairie wheat, durum, canola and barley bound for Asia. | Canada | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Port of San Antonio San Antonio Chile's busiest port and a principal entry point for its wheat and corn imports. | Chile | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Talcahuano / San Vicente (Biobio) Talcahuano Ports of the Biobio region in southern Chile. They receive wheat for the region's flour mills and maize and soymeal for animal and salmon feed. | Chile | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Guangzhou Nansha Guangzhou Guangzhou's deep-water port in the Pearl River Delta, a major entry point for the feed grain and soybeans consumed in southern China. | China | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Dalian Dalian North-east China port handling imported grain and oilseeds as well as corn shipped south from the north-eastern provinces. | China | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Qingdao Qingdao Shandong port and one of the main entry points for the soybeans China imports - the world's largest - to feed the province's crushing plants. | China | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Rizhao Rizhao Shandong port with large soybean crushing capacity beside its terminals. | China | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Zhengzhou (Henan) Zhengzhou Capital of Henan, China's largest wheat province, and home of the Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange, which lists wheat futures. A national rail hub for grain moving between north and south. | China | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Barranquilla Barranquilla Caribbean port through which Colombia, a large importer of feed corn, receives much of its grain. | Colombia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Buenaventura Buenaventura Colombia's main Pacific port and an entry point for imported wheat and corn. | Colombia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Cartagena Cartagena Colombia's largest port, on the Caribbean. It receives maize, wheat and soymeal for the feed and milling industry of the north and the interior. | Colombia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Santa Marta Santa Marta Deep-water Caribbean port and one of Colombia's main entry points for imported maize, wheat and soybeans. | Colombia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Puerto Caldera (Costa Rica) Caldera Costa Rica's main Pacific port and its main point of entry for cereals, with a dedicated grain berth run by Sociedad Portuaria Granelera de Caldera since 2015. | Costa Rica | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Cienfuegos Cienfuegos South-coast port and home of Cienfuegos Cereales, Cuba's largest mill, which grinds around 40% of the country's wheat flour. | Cuba | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Havana Havana Cuba's largest port. Cuba imports most of its wheat, maize, rice and soymeal; the state milling company has two flour mills in Havana. | Cuba | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Santiago de Cuba Santiago de Cuba Eastern Cuba's main port; its Tricontinental pier handles bulk sugar exports and bulk grain imports, and the city has a state flour mill. | Cuba | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Kalundborg Bulk Terminal Kalundborg One of Denmark’s premier grain export hubs. An 11.6 m berth with load rates to 900 MT/hour, plus drying, sieving and high-capacity bagging. | Denmark | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Koge Koge Zealand export port south of Copenhagen shipping cereals and milling wheat, with Valsemollen’s flour mill on the quay. | Denmark | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Djibouti Djibouti Red Sea port and the principal gateway for grain bound for landlocked Ethiopia. | Djibouti | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Rio Haina (Dominican Republic) Haina The Dominican Republic's main bulk port, west of Santo Domingo. The country imports over 500,000 t of wheat and about 600,000 t of soymeal a year, nearly all its maize, and almost all of it from the US. | Dominican Republic | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Guayaquil Guayaquil Ecuador's principal port, handling its wheat and soymeal imports. | Ecuador | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt's principal Mediterranean port. Egypt is one of the world's largest wheat importers, and Alexandria one of its main grain entry points. | Egypt | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Damietta Damietta Egyptian port at the Nile delta, handling a large share of the country's wheat and feed grain imports. | Egypt | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Acajutla (El Salvador) Acajutla El Salvador's main port, on the Pacific. Its solid bulk imports are led by maize, soymeal, wheat and rice; the ALCASA terminal stores about 143,000 t in silos and warehouses. | El Salvador | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Muuga Grain Terminal (Tallinn) Tallinn / Muuga The largest grain storage and loading facility in the region: 300,000 t across 48 silos, with 17.3 m quays taking vessels up to 120,000 DWT. | Estonia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Tartu Cereal Hub (South Estonia) Tartu Southern Estonian origination around the Emajogi basin, railing wheat and oats north to Muuga for export. | Estonia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Naantali Naantali One of Finland’s largest grain handling ports and a major dry bulk centre, with silos and agri-bulk storage alongside the fertiliser terminals. | Finland | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Rauma Rauma West-coast port at the heart of Finland’s oat belt, with Suomen Viljava storage feeding the Rauma oat mill and the export trade. | Finland | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Chalons-en-Champagne Hub (Marne) Chalons-en-Champagne Champagne chalk-country origination. High-yielding soft wheat and malting barley railed to Rouen, or trucked north to the Belgian and German maltings. | France | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Chartres Cereal Hub (Beauce) Chartres The Beauce, France’s flattest and most productive wheat plain. Cooperative silos load unit trains north to Rouen and Dunkirk for export. | France | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Creil Malting Barley Hub (Oise) Creil Oise valley malting barley origination, the reference point for the French malting basis. Rail-connected to Rouen, Dunkirk and the Belgian maltings. | France | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Orleans Cereal Hub (Loiret) Orleans Loire valley origination at the heart of Axereal country. Soft wheat and barley move by rail to the Atlantic and Channel export terminals. | France | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Brest (Bretagne) Brest Brittany feed import terminal serving Europe’s densest poultry and swine cluster. Raw materials arrive by coaster and leave by road to the compounders. | France | Seaport Import | Feed Wheat |
| Port of Dunkirk (Nord Cereales) Dunkirk Deep-water export gateway for the Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardy wheat belt. Nord Cereales loads Panamax parcels for North Africa on a 14.2 m draft. | France | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of La Pallice (La Rochelle) La Rochelle Deep-water Atlantic export hub for the Poitou-Charentes and central French grain belt. Sica Atlantique loads Panamax parcels for Iberia, North Africa and the Mediterranean without the Seine tidal constraints of Rouen. | France | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Marseille-Fos Fos-sur-Mer France’s Mediterranean agribulk and crush gateway. Durum for southern semolina mills and oilseeds for the Fos crushers, with rail to the Rhone corridor. | France | Seaport Crushing / transshipment | Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Port of Rouen (Sénalia & Simarex) Rouen Western Europe's undisputed #1 grain export port. Located on the River Seine in the heart of the Paris Basin grain belt, exporting millions of tons of wheat and barley each season. | France | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Toulouse Cereal Hub (Occitanie) Toulouse South-western origination on the Garonne. Durum for the Mediterranean semolina trade and irrigated maize, railed to Bordeaux, Sete and Fos. | France | Inland hub Export | Durum Wheat (Amber Durum), Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Poti Poti Georgia's principal Black Sea port and the main entry point for its wheat imports. | Georgia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Hannover Feed Hub (Lower Saxony) Hannover Distribution point for the Lower Saxony compound feed industry, railed from Brake and Hamburg into Europe’s densest pig and poultry region. | Germany | Inland hub Crushing / transshipment | Feed Wheat |
| Leipzig-Halle Cereal Hub Leipzig Central German origination on the Leipzig lowland, railing wheat, rye and rapeseed north to Rostock and Hamburg for export. | Germany | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Magdeburg Elbe Hub Magdeburg Elbe river port for the Saxony-Anhalt Boerde, some of Germany’s richest loess soils. Barges run down the Elbe to Hamburg, unit trains to Rostock. | Germany | River port Inland river | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Brake an der Weser Brake Lower Saxony’s leading feedstuffs import port. J. MUELLER’s agri terminal supplies the North German livestock belt with meal and feed grains. | Germany | Seaport Import | Feed Wheat |
| Port of Hamburg (ADM & Rethe Silos) Hamburg Major German export and processing hub on the Elbe. Famed for high-protein German A-wheat and extensive rapeseed/feed processing facilities. | Germany | River port Export | High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat), Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Mannheim (Rhine Grain Terminal) Mannheim Crucial Rhine river agribulk hub in southwestern Germany. Funnels local malting barley, wheat, and oilseeds downriver to Rotterdam and Antwerp via 2,000 MT barges. | Germany | Inland hub Inland river | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Rostock (Grossilo) Rostock Baltic deep-sea export port for Mecklenburg and eastern German crops, loading wheat, barley and rapeseed on a 13 m draft. | Germany | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Regensburg Danube Hub Regensburg Upper Danube transshipment point for Bavarian grain, and the western end of the Danube corridor that runs down to Constanta. | Germany | River port Inland river | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Tema Tema Ghana's principal port and its entry point for imported wheat. | Ghana | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Puerto Quetzal (Guatemala) Puerto San Jose Guatemala's Pacific port, where Terminal de Granos del Pacifico (Terpac) receives imported wheat, maize and soymeal for the country and its neighbours. | Guatemala | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Santo Tomas de Castilla (Guatemala) Santo Tomas de Castilla Guatemala's Caribbean port on Amatique Bay, mainly a dry-bulk port for grain and fertiliser, with a small silo terminal. | Guatemala | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Puerto Cortes (Honduras) Puerto Cortes Honduras's Caribbean port, handling about 90% of the country's sea trade, including its wheat, maize and soymeal imports. A dedicated grain terminal is being built. | Honduras | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Deendayal Port (Kandla) Kandla India's top port for bulk farm commodities on the Gulf of Kutch, Gujarat. Loads wheat, rice, maize and soymeal for export, and imports edible oils and pulses. Wheat arrives by rail from Punjab, Haryana and Madhya Pradesh. | India | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Indore (Madhya Pradesh) Indore Commercial centre of Madhya Pradesh, India's main soybean state, and home of the Soybean Processors Association of India (SOPA). The surrounding Malwa plateau also grows wheat. | India | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Khanna (Punjab) Khanna Khanna's grain mandi, in Ludhiana district, is widely described as Asia's largest grain market. In the April-May wheat procurement and the autumn paddy season, FCI and the Punjab state agencies buy here for India's central pool. | India | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Mundra Port (Gujarat) Mundra Adani's deep-water port on the Gulf of Kutch, India's largest commercial port by cargo. Bulk and container exports of rice, wheat, maize and millet, with rail links to the northern grain states. | India | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Tanjung Perak (Surabaya) Surabaya East Java port importing wheat and soybeans. | Indonesia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Tanjung Priok (Jakarta) Jakarta Indonesia's busiest port. Indonesia grows no wheat and is one of the world's largest wheat importers. | Indonesia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Bandar Imam Khomeini Bandar Imam Khomeini Iran's main port for grain imports, at the head of the Gulf. | Iran | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Umm Qasr Umm Qasr Iraq's principal deep-water port and its main entry point for imported wheat. | Iraq | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Ashdod Ashdod Mediterranean port handling a large share of Israel's grain imports. | Israel | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Bologna Grain Exchange Hub Bologna Emilia-Romagna trading crossroads. The Bologna exchange quotes the Italian durum and soft wheat reference that the national milling industry trades against. | Italy | Inland hub Crushing / transshipment | Durum Wheat (Amber Durum), Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Cremona Po Valley Feed Hub Cremona Po river port at the centre of Italy’s dairy and pig belt. Imported meal and local maize converge here for the Lombardy and Emilia compounders. | Italy | River port Crushing / transshipment | Feed Wheat |
| Foggia Durum Hub (Tavoliere) Foggia The granary of Italy. The Tavoliere delle Puglie is the country’s largest plain and its dominant durum origination, feeding the Bari and Barletta mills. | Italy | Inland hub Export | Durum Wheat (Amber Durum), Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Bari (Puglia) Bari Adriatic durum import gate for the Puglian semolina and pasta industry, topping up the Tavoliere harvest with Black Sea and Canadian amber durum. | Italy | Seaport Import | Durum Wheat (Amber Durum), Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Chioggia (Venice Lagoon) Chioggia Northern Adriatic agribulk terminal feeding the Veneto and Lombardy feed mills, with barge and road links into the Po plain. | Italy | Seaport Import | Feed Wheat |
| Port of Ravenna (Docks Cereali) Ravenna Italy's primary agribulk gateway on the Adriatic Sea. Houses Docks Cereali, feeding the colossal feed and pasta mills across Emilia-Romagna, Lombardy, and Veneto. | Italy | Seaport Import | Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Vercelli Rice Hub (Piedmont) Vercelli Europe’s rice capital. The irrigated Vercelli-Novara paddies produce the bulk of the EU crop, and the local borsa merci sets the continental reference. | Italy | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Abidjan Abidjan One of the largest ports in West Africa, importing wheat for the region. | Côte d’Ivoire | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Kingston (Jamaica) Kingston Jamaica's main port. The deep-water grain terminal at Kingston Wharves serves the island's two flour mills, Jamaica Flour Mills (ADM) and Jamaica Grain and Cereals. | Jamaica | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Kashima Kashima Japan's principal feed-grain import port, on the Pacific coast of Ibaraki beside a cluster of feed mills. | Japan | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Kobe Kobe Kansai port importing wheat and feed grain for western Japan's flour and feed mills. | Japan | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Aqaba Aqaba Jordan's only seaport, on the Red Sea, through which it imports almost all its wheat and barley. | Jordan | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Kostanay (Northern Kazakhstan) Kostanay Centre of northern Kazakhstan's spring wheat belt, one of the largest wheat-growing regions in Central Asia. | Kazakhstan | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat) |
| Port of Aktau (Caspian) Aktau Kazakhstan's Caspian Sea port, shipping wheat to Iran, Azerbaijan and the Caucasus. | Kazakhstan | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Eldoret (North Rift) Eldoret Centre of Kenya's North Rift grain basket. The National Cereals and Produce Board's Eldoret depot buys and stores maize and wheat from the region's farmers. | Kenya | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Mombasa Mombasa East Africa's largest port, importing wheat and corn for Kenya and the inland countries it serves. | Kenya | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Freeport of Riga Riga Latvia’s largest port and its main grain outlet, where agricultural cargo runs about a third of throughput and locally grown wheat dominates. | Latvia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Jelgava Cereal Hub (Zemgale) Jelgava The Zemgale plain, Latvia’s breadbasket. Flat, fertile and rail-connected to Riga and Ventspils for Baltic export. | Latvia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Liepaja Liepaja Ice-free Courland port where bulk cargo is dominated by grain, serving the western Latvian arable belt. | Latvia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Ventspils Grain Terminal Ventspils Dedicated grain terminal with 100,000 t of simultaneous storage and over 2 Mt a year of throughput, also handling rapeseed, meal and soybeans. | Latvia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Kaunas Cereal Hub (Nemunas) Kaunas Central Lithuanian origination in the Nemunas basin, railing wheat and rapeseed the short distance west to Klaipeda. | Lithuania | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Klaipeda (KLASCO & Bega) Klaipeda Ice-free Baltic export terminal and the volume outlet for Lithuanian and wider Baltic grain, with KLASCO and Bega handling wheat and rapeseed. | Lithuania | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port Klang Klang Malaysia's principal port, importing corn, wheat and soymeal. | Malaysia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Ciudad Obregon (Yaqui Valley, Sonora) Ciudad Obregon Centre of the irrigated Yaqui Valley. Sonora grows close to half of Mexico's wheat, with durum the main crop; this is also where CIMMYT developed the semi-dwarf wheats of the Green Revolution. | Mexico | Inland hub Export | Durum Wheat (Amber Durum), Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Altamira Altamira Industrial port in Tamaulipas, one of the main Gulf entry points for US maize, soybeans and wheat into Mexico's north-east. | Mexico | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Coatzacoalcos Coatzacoalcos Southern Gulf port on the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, receiving bulk maize and wheat for south-east Mexico. | Mexico | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Guaymas (Sonora) Guaymas Sonora's port on the Gulf of California, with a 72-silo grain terminal of about 68,000 t. Ships the durum and bread wheat grown in the Yaqui and Mayo valleys. | Mexico | Seaport Export | Durum Wheat (Amber Durum), Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Lazaro Cardenas Lazaro Cardenas Deep-water Pacific port in Michoacan with rail links to central Mexico; mainly containers and bulk, including grain imports. | Mexico | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Manzanillo (Colima) Manzanillo Mexico's largest port by cargo, on the Pacific. Mostly containers, but it also takes a significant share of grain imports for Jalisco and the Bajio feed and milling industries. | Mexico | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Progreso (Yucatan) Progreso Yucatan's port at the end of a long offshore pier; Mexico's second grain import port, feeding the peninsula's poultry and pig industries. | Mexico | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Topolobampo (Sinaloa) Topolobampo Northern Sinaloa port serving one of Mexico's most productive farm zones. Exports wheat, sorghum and soybeans, and is being positioned for sorghum shipments to China. | Mexico | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Tuxpan Tuxpan Northern Veracruz port, the closest Gulf port to Mexico City, receiving bulk maize and wheat. | Mexico | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Veracruz Veracruz Mexico's main grain import port, taking around half of the country's seaborne bulk grain and most of its imported maize by ship, mostly from the US Gulf. | Mexico | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Giurgiulesti (Danube) Giurgiulesti Moldova's only port, on the Danube where it meets the Romanian and Ukrainian borders, loading grain for export. | Moldova | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Casablanca Casablanca Morocco's largest port and its main entry point for wheat, corn and barley imports. | Morocco | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Amsterdam Amsterdam The North Sea Canal agribulk cluster, second only to Rotterdam in Dutch grain and cocoa handling, with barge distribution across the Randstad. | Netherlands | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Zwolle-Meppel Inland Hub Zwolle IJssel-Vecht inland terminals supplying the Overijssel and Gelderland feed compounders, fed by barge from Amsterdam and Rotterdam. | Netherlands | Inland hub Crushing / transshipment | Feed Wheat |
| Port of Tauranga Tauranga New Zealand's largest port by volume. New Zealand imports much of its milling wheat and feed grain. | New Zealand | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Corinto (Nicaragua) Corinto Nicaragua's largest port, on the Pacific, with a berth set up for grain and fertiliser. | Nicaragua | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Lagos (Apapa) Lagos Nigeria's main port. Nigeria grows little wheat and is one of Africa's largest wheat importers. | Nigeria | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Oslo Oslo Norway’s main feed-grain import gate. A short growing season leaves the country structurally short, and Felleskjopet supplies the inland mills. | Norway | Seaport Import | Feed Wheat |
| Port of Stavanger Stavanger South-western Norwegian feed terminal serving the Rogaland livestock cluster, the densest agricultural region in the country. | Norway | Seaport Import | Feed Wheat |
| Port of Karachi Karachi Pakistan's largest port, importing soybeans and, in short crop years, wheat. | Pakistan | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Bahia Las Minas (Panama) Colon Bay east of Colon on the Caribbean entrance to the Panama Canal, with a bulk grain terminal. | Panama | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Cristobal (Colon, Panama) Colon Atlantic entrance of the Panama Canal. DEPSA runs the grain terminal at Cristobal, with a silo berth discharging maize and soybeans; soymeal, maize and wheat are Panama's main grain imports. | Panama | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Villeta (Paraguay River) Villeta Paraguay River terminal near Asuncion. Paraguay is landlocked and one of the world's largest soybean exporters, shipping almost all of it by barge down the Paraguay-Parana waterway. | Paraguay | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Callao Callao Peru's main port, through which it imports most of its wheat and feed corn. | Peru | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Manila Manila The Philippines' principal port, importing wheat and feed grain. | Philippines | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Lublin Cereal Hub (Eastern Poland) Lublin Eastern Polish origination on the Lublin upland, a rye and milling wheat belt that rails north to Gdynia for Baltic export. | Poland | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Gdańsk & Gdynia (BTZ) Gdańsk / Gdynia Poland's prime Baltic agribulk terminal complex. Connecting Polish grain rail corridors with Baltic export routes. | Poland | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Gdynia (BTZ) Gdynia Poland’s primary grain export and transshipment gateway. The Baltycki Terminal Zbozowy and Viterra berths load Polish wheat, rye and rapeseed. | Poland | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Poznan Cereal Hub (Wielkopolska) Poznan Greater Poland origination, the country’s most intensive arable and pig region. Unit trains run north to Gdynia and west to Szczecin. | Poland | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Szczecin-Swinoujscie (Oder) Szczecin Oder river gateway serving western Poland and eastern Germany, with Elewator Ewa handling wheat, barley and maize for short-sea export. | Poland | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Beja Cereal & Rice Hub (Alentejo) Beja The Alentejo breadbasket. Dryland wheat on the rolling plains around Beja, with irrigated rice and maize drawn from the Sado, Mira and Alqueva perimeters feeding the Lisbon and Setubal mills. | Portugal | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Coimbra Cereal & Rice Hub (Baixo Mondego) Coimbra The Baixo Mondego floodplain, Portugal’s densest rice belt. Irrigated paddy and maize from the Mondego valley move the short distance to Aveiro and Leixoes, or south to the Lisbon milling cluster. | Portugal | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Aveiro (Gafanha da Nazaré) Aveiro Portugal’s central-coast agribulk port on the Ria de Aveiro, supplying the dense Beira Litoral feed compounders and poultry integrators between Porto and Coimbra. | Portugal | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Leixões (Porto) Matosinhos / Porto Northern Portugal's prime agribulk port serving the dense dairy, swine, and poultry feed manufacturers of Entre Douro e Minho. | Portugal | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Lisbon (Trafaria & Beato) Lisbon Portugal's strategic grain import gateway on the Tagus estuary. Houses the monumental Trafaria silo terminal, capable of discharging Panamax and Capesize bulkers to feed national flour mills and feed compounders. | Portugal | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard), High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat) |
| Port of Setúbal Setúbal Sado River port catering to Alentejo agro-industrial processors, animal feed compounding, and grain warehousing. | Portugal | Seaport Import | Feed Wheat |
| Port of Constanta (Comvex & Chimpex) Constanta Black Sea mega-hub and transshipment powerhouse. Confluence of the Danube-Black Sea canal, loading Capesize and Panamax bulkers with Romanian, Ukrainian, Serbian, and Hungarian crops. | Romania | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Galati (Danube) Galati Romania's largest Danube port and a barge-to-ship transshipment point for grain moving down to the Black Sea. | Romania | River port Inland river | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Astrakhan (Volga delta, Caspian) Astrakhan Volga delta port and, with nearby Olya, Russia's main Caspian route for wheat, barley and maize to Iran and Central Asia. | Russia | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Barnaul (Altai Krai) Barnaul Capital of Altai Krai, Siberia's largest grain region, known for hard spring wheat and buckwheat. | Russia | Inland hub Export | High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat), Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Krasnodar (Kuban) Krasnodar Capital of Krasnodar Krai, Russia's second wheat region with about 12% of the crop, and a large maize and sunflower producer. Its grain moves by rail to Novorossiysk, Taman and Kavkaz. | Russia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Novosibirsk (Western Siberia) Novosibirsk Rail hub of western Siberia on the Trans-Siberian, gathering spring wheat and barley from Siberian farms for the domestic market and rail exports towards China and Central Asia. | Russia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port Kavkaz (Kerch Strait) Kavkaz Deep-water anchorage and terminals at the Kerch Strait, where wheat brought down the Azov Sea and Don in small river-sea vessels is topped up into ocean bulk carriers. | Russia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Azov Azov Russian port at the mouth of the Don on the Sea of Azov, handling grain in shallow-draft coasters. | Russia | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Makhachkala (Caspian) Makhachkala Dagestan's ice-free Caspian port, shipping grain to Iran; a larger grain terminal is planned. | Russia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Novorossiysk Novorossiysk Russia's largest Black Sea port and the main outlet for its wheat exports. | Russia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Rostov-on-Don Rostov-on-Don Russian river port on the Don, loading shallow-draft vessels out across the Sea of Azov. | Russia | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Taman Taman Russian deep-water grain terminal on the Taman peninsula, facing the Kerch Strait. | Russia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Tuapse Tuapse Russian Black Sea port south of Novorossiysk with a dedicated grain terminal. | Russia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Yeysk (Azov Sea) Yeysk Azov Sea port in Krasnodar Krai, loading wheat and barley from the Kuban and Rostov farms into shallow river-sea ships. | Russia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Saratov (Volga) Saratov Volga region of winter wheat, durum and sunflower, part of the south-western belt that grows over half of Russia's wheat. | Russia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| St Petersburg (Baltic) St Petersburg Russia's Baltic gateway. Terminals that handled coal and fertiliser have started loading wheat, giving a northern export route that avoids the Black Sea. | Russia | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Stavropol Stavropol Centre of Stavropol Krai, one of Russia's three largest wheat regions, shipping by rail to Novorossiysk and the Caspian. | Russia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Volgograd (Lower Volga) Volgograd Lower Volga river port at the head of the Volga-Don canal, linking the Volga wheat lands to both the Azov and Caspian export routes. | Russia | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Voronezh (Central Black Earth) Voronezh Centre of the black-earth belt south of Moscow, growing wheat, sugar beet, sunflower and maize; grain goes south by rail to the Azov and Black Sea ports. | Russia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Jeddah Islamic Port Jeddah Saudi Arabia's Red Sea port. The kingdom imports nearly all its wheat and is one of the world's largest buyers of feed barley. | Saudi Arabia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| King Abdulaziz Port (Dammam) Dammam Saudi Arabia's Gulf port, receiving grain for the kingdom's eastern provinces. | Saudi Arabia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Dakar Dakar Senegal's main port, at the western tip of Africa, through which it imports wheat. | Senegal | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Durban Durban Southern Africa's busiest port. South Africa imports much of its wheat and, in most seasons, exports corn. | South Africa | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Busan Busan Korea's largest port, handling grain imports for the south-east of the country. | South Korea | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Incheon Incheon South Korean port on the Yellow Sea, importing wheat and corn for the Seoul region. | South Korea | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Barcelona (Bunge & Cargill) Barcelona Catalonia's premier agribulk import and soybean crushing nexus. Directly supplies the immense livestock, poultry, and porcine belt of Catalonia and Aragon. | Spain | Seaport Crushing / transshipment | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Bilbao (Santurtzi) Bilbao / Santurtzi Deep-water Cantabrian gateway feeding the Basque Country and the upper Ebro. The outer harbour takes Panamax bulkers year-round, and grain moves inland by rail to the Ebro valley compounders. | Spain | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Santander (Raos) Santander Spain’s principal cereal import gate for the Castilla y León livestock belt. The Raos bulk terminals discharge straight to rail and road for the climb onto the northern meseta. | Spain | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Seville (Guadalquivir Silos) Seville Andalusia's inland river port on the Guadalquivir, famed as the epicenter for Mediterranean Durum Wheat and premium sunflower seeds. | Spain | River port Export | Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Port of Tarragona Tarragona Spain's largest volume agribulk import port (>5M tonnes/year). Direct pipeline into the Ebro valley feed industry. | Spain | Seaport Import | Feed Wheat |
| Valladolid Cereal Hub (Castilla y León) Valladolid The heart of Spain’s one genuine cereal surplus region. Cooperative silos across the Duero basin originate domestic wheat and barley that move north to the Cantabrian ports and east to the Ebro feed mills. | Spain | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Zaragoza Inland Grain Hub (PLAZA) Zaragoza The Ebro valley multimodal grain crossroads. Rail-fed from Tarragona and Bilbao, it supplies one of Europe’s densest pig and poultry clusters across Aragón and inland Catalonia. | Spain | Inland hub Crushing / transshipment | Feed Wheat |
| Port of Colombo Colombo Sri Lanka's main port, through which it imports nearly all of its wheat. | Sri Lanka | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port Sudan Port Sudan Sudan's Red Sea port and the main entry point for its wheat imports. | Sudan | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Malmo (Copenhagen Malmo Port) Malmo Oresund agribulk terminal serving the Skane milling and feed industry, the most productive arable region in Sweden. | Sweden | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Norrkoping (Braviken) Norrkoping Ostergotland’s Baltic outlet on Braviken bay, exporting grain and oats from the central Swedish plain. | Sweden | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Vasteras Malaren Hub Vasteras Lake Malaren inland port for the Malardalen grain belt, shipping through the Sodertalje lock to the Baltic. | Sweden | River port Inland river | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Taichung Taichung Taiwan's west-coast port and a main entry point for its imported corn, soybeans and wheat. | Taiwan | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania's principal port, handling wheat imports for the country and its landlocked neighbours. | Tanzania | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Laem Chabang Laem Chabang Thailand's main deep-sea port, importing wheat and soymeal; Thailand is also one of the world's leading rice exporters. | Thailand | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Rades (Tunis) Rades Tunisia's principal port, near Tunis, through which it imports soft and durum wheat. | Tunisia | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Port of Samsun Samsun Turkish Black Sea port on the northern Anatolian coast. Turkey is among the world's largest wheat importers, much of it milled and re-exported as flour. | Türkiye | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Izmail (Danube) Izmail Ukrainian Danube port that became a principal grain export route when the Black Sea ports were blockaded in 2022. | Ukraine | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Mykolaiv Mykolaiv Ukrainian port on the Southern Bug, historically one of the largest grain export hubs in the country; its operations have been heavily disrupted since 2022. | Ukraine | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Odesa & Chornomorsk Odesa Historic Ukrainian deep-water grain gateway handling high-capacity export flows into the Mediterranean and worldwide. | Ukraine | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Pivdennyi Pivdennyi Deep-water Ukrainian port east of Odesa, one of the three ports of the Greater Odesa grain export corridor. | Ukraine | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Port of Reni (Danube) Reni Ukrainian Danube port which, with Izmail, carried much of Ukraine's grain exports while the Black Sea ports were blockaded in 2022. | Ukraine | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), Feed Wheat |
| Cambridge Cereal Hub (East Anglia) Cambridge East Anglian origination across the fens and chalk, the highest-yielding wheat land in Britain, trucked to Ipswich and Tilbury for export. | United Kingdom | Inland hub Export | Feed Wheat, Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Hull & Immingham (Humber) Hull / Immingham East coast grain complex exporting Yorkshire and Lincolnshire wheat and barley, and importing animal feed raw materials for the northern mills. | United Kingdom | Seaport Export | Feed Wheat, Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Belfast Belfast The major animal feed raw material import hub for the Irish livestock sector, with W&R Barnett operating silos above 150,000 MT. | United Kingdom | Seaport Import | Feed Wheat |
| Port of Ipswich Grain Terminal Ipswich The UK’s leading grain export port, handling over 2 Mt a year out of the East Anglian arable belt. | United Kingdom | Seaport Export | Feed Wheat, Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Tilbury Grain Terminal Tilbury The UK’s largest and most established grain terminal. 136,000 t of silo capacity and over 1.4 Mt a year, with marine towers running to 8,000 t a day. | United Kingdom | Seaport Import | Feed Wheat, Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Amarillo (Texas Panhandle) Amarillo Centre of the Texas Panhandle, where wheat and sorghum are grown and the feedlots and dairies are among the largest in the US. The feed industry's demand outruns local crops, so maize arrives by rail from the Corn Belt. | United States | Inland hub Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Chicago Chicago Delivery point for the Chicago Board of Trade corn, soybean and soft red winter wheat contracts, and the reference market for most North American grain pricing. | United States | Inland hub Inland river | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Duluth-Superior Duluth The westernmost port on the Great Lakes, at the head of Lake Superior. Ships hard red spring wheat and durum from the northern Plains out through the St. Lawrence Seaway. | United States | Seaport Export | High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum), Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Enid (Oklahoma) Enid Known as the 'Wheat Capital' of the United States for its terminal elevators, among the largest grain storage concentrations in the world. Hard red winter wheat moves by rail to the Texas Gulf ports. | United States | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Fargo (Red River Valley) Fargo Centre of the Red River Valley in North Dakota and Minnesota, the main US region for hard red spring wheat, and a large soybean, maize and barley district. Grain moves by rail to Duluth and the Pacific Northwest. | United States | Inland hub Export | High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat) |
| Great Falls (Montana Golden Triangle) Great Falls Centre of Montana's Golden Triangle, a dryland district of hard red spring and winter wheat, durum and malting barley. Wheat goes by rail to the Pacific Northwest export terminals. | United States | Inland hub Export | High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat), Milling Wheat (Standard), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Hutchinson (Kansas) Hutchinson Central Kansas terminal market in the hard red winter wheat belt, with large rail terminal elevators (Cargill Hutchinson East handles wheat, maize, sorghum and soybeans). Wheat moves by rail to the Texas Gulf. | United States | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Kalama / Longview (Columbia River) Kalama Deep-draft Columbia River export elevators downstream of Portland, loading corn and soybeans railed from the Midwest alongside Pacific Northwest wheat. | United States | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Kansas City Kansas City The principal cash and futures pricing point for hard red winter wheat, on the Missouri River at the eastern edge of the southern Plains wheat belt. | United States | Inland hub Inland river | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Lower Mississippi / New Orleans New Orleans The largest grain export gateway in the United States. River elevators between Baton Rouge and the Gulf load ocean vessels from barges brought down the Mississippi, and carry the bulk of US corn and soybean exports. | United States | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Minneapolis Minneapolis The principal pricing point for hard red spring wheat and durum, and the upper Mississippi barge head for northern Plains grain. | United States | Inland hub Inland river | High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat), Durum Wheat (Amber Durum) |
| Port of Corpus Christi Corpus Christi Texas Gulf port with a public grain elevator, shipping sorghum, maize and wheat from south Texas and the Plains; a main US port for sorghum exports. | United States | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Lewiston (Snake River) Lewiston (ID) The furthest-inland port on the Columbia-Snake river system, about 465 river miles from the Pacific. Wheat and barley from Idaho and eastern Washington go down-river by barge to the Columbia export terminals. | United States | River port Inland river | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Vancouver USA (Columbia River) Vancouver (WA) Deep-draft Columbia River grain port across from Portland, loading wheat, maize and soybeans that arrive by rail and barge from the Plains and the Pacific Northwest for Asian buyers. | United States | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat) |
| Portland (Columbia River) Portland Columbia River export elevators and the outlet of the Columbia-Snake barge system. The principal export route for soft white wheat to Asia, with hard red spring and winter wheat, corn and soybeans. | United States | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard), High Protein Wheat (Quality / A-Wheat) |
| Spokane (Inland Northwest) Spokane Trading centre of the Palouse and eastern Washington, the main US source of soft white wheat for Asian noodle and cake flours. Wheat goes by barge from the Snake River and by rail to the Columbia River export terminals. | United States | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| St. Louis Harbor (Mississippi) St. Louis Where the Missouri and Illinois rivers meet the Mississippi; the harbor has the highest concentration of grain-barge loading capacity on the US inland waterways. Maize and soybeans go down-river to the Gulf export elevators. | United States | River port Inland river | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Tacoma / Seattle (Puget Sound) Tacoma Puget Sound export terminals shipping Midwest corn and soybeans, brought across by rail, to Asian markets on the shortest US mainland crossing. | United States | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Texas Gulf (Houston) Houston Texas Gulf export elevators on the Houston Ship Channel, loading hard red winter wheat, corn and sorghum drawn from the southern Plains by rail. | United States | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Toledo Toledo Lake Erie grain port handling soft red winter wheat, corn and soybeans from Ohio, Indiana and Michigan. | United States | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Nueva Palmira Nueva Palmira Uruguay's principal grain port on the Uruguay River, and a transshipment point for soybeans barged down from Paraguay and Bolivia. | Uruguay | River port Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Montevideo Montevideo Uruguay's main seaport, handling grain and oilseed exports. | Uruguay | Seaport Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Puerto Cabello Puerto Cabello Venezuela's main port and the entry point for most of its imported wheat, maize and soybeans, close to the flour mills and feed plants of Carabobo and the central region. | Venezuela | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Cai Mep (Ho Chi Minh City) Ba Ria-Vung Tau Deep-water port serving Ho Chi Minh City. Vietnam imports large volumes of corn, wheat and soymeal for its feed industry. | Vietnam | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Port of Hai Phong Hai Phong Northern Vietnam's main port, importing feed grain for the Red River Delta. | Vietnam | Seaport Import | Milling Wheat (Standard) |
| Lusaka (Zambia) Lusaka Seat of Zambia's Food Reserve Agency, which holds the national maize reserve in sheds and silos across the country. Zambia's surplus maize is exported by road and rail to its neighbours. | Zambia | Inland hub Export | Milling Wheat (Standard) |